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The Mid-Infrared Spectrum of the Galactic Center: A Starburst Nucleus

M., Cohen S. D., Price J. P., Simpson F. C., Witteborn

Using the Michelson interferometer on the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX), we have taken spectra of many positions in the central 25 min of the Galactic Center (GC) with a 6 min x 9 min FOV. The spectral coverage was 380 to 1700/ cm (6 to 26 microns) and the resolution was approx. 21/cm. The spectra exhibit strong UIR/PAH features at 6.2, 7.7, 8.6...

Report on Cosmic Dust Capture Research and Development for the Exobiology Program

Kenji, Nishioka

Collaboration with Ames personnel was in: 1) grant administration, 2) intellectual science support, 3) collaboration with the University of Paris for the Mir flight experiment, and 4) arranging scanning and X-ray probe analytical support from UCB and SUNYP. LNIMS provided access to: 1) analytical research instruments, 2) chemical analyses support,...

Formation of the Giant Planets by Concurrent Accretion of Solids and Gas

Olenka, Hubickyj

Models were developed to simulate planet formation. Three major phases are characterized in the simulations: (1) planetesimal accretion rate, which dominates that of gas, rapidly increases owing to runaway accretion, then decreases as the planet s feeding zone is depleted; (2) occurs when both solid and gas accretion rates are small and nearly inde...

The Evolution of Energy-Transducing Systems. Studies with an Extremely Halophilic Archaebacterium

Helga, Stan-Lotter

The F-type ATPases are found in remarkably similar versions in the energy-transducing membranes of bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria (1). Thus, it is likely that they have originated early in the evolution of life, which is consistent with their function as key enzymes of cellular metabolism. The archaea (formerly called archaebacteria) are a...

Redox Energy and Sulfur Chemistry in Prebiotic Polymer Synthesis and Replication

Arthur L., Weber

In the past year we have made significant progress in three research areas: (1) Most importantly, we discovered a new pathway of prebiotic amino acid synthesis in which formaldehyde and glycolaldehyde (substrates of the formose reaction) react with ammonia yielding alanine and homoserine in the presence of thiol catalysts. This thiol-dependent synt...

Advanced Signal Processing Methods Applied to Digital Mammography

Richard P., Stauduhar

The work reported here is on the extension of the earlier proposal of the same title, August 1994-June 1996. The report for that work is also being submitted. The work reported there forms the foundation for this work from January 1997 to September 1997. After the earlier work was completed there were a few items that needed to be completed prior t...

Defining X-Ray Diffraction Parameters for the Design and Operation of a Planetary-Surface Rock Analyzer

Ellen P., Metzger Rendy, Keaten John R., Marshall Dan, Kojiro

Our joint research effort was aimed at developing techniques for X-ray diffractometry that was being investigated by NASA as possible flight instrumentation for the exploration of Mars. SJSU would provide the use of in-house X-ray facilities for calibration of the instrumentation , and would provide technical expertise regarding interpretation of d...

The Evolution of Energy-Transducing Systems. Studies with Archaebacteria

Helga, Stan-Lotter

The dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCCD)- binding site of the membrane ATPase from Halobacterium saccharovorum was investigated during earlier periods of this Cooperative Agreement and was localized to a cyanogen bromide fragment of subunit 2 from amino acids 379 (Glu) to 442 (Met). Although the exact position of the reactive amino acid (probably a glu...

Definition of exobiology experiments for future Mars missions

Rocco L., Mancinelli

During the past year we have concentrated on two objectives. The first objective is ongoing and is to define the experimental parameters that are necessary to conduct autonomously a mineralogical analysis of the Martian surface in situ using differential thermal analysis coupled with gas chromatography (DTA/GC). The rationale in support of this obj...

Western Blot of Stained Proteins from Dried Polyacrylamide Gels

Claudia, Gruber Helga, Stan-Lotter

Western blotting of proteins is customarily performed following their separation on polyacrylamide gels, either prior to staining (1) or, as recently reported, following staining (2). We describe here Western blotting with stained gels, which had been dried and some of which had been stored for years. This procedure permits immunological analysis o...

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